ORIGINAL PAPER
Quality of life and sexual attraction in physically active and inactive older people
 
More details
Hide details
1
University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
 
2
Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdansk, Poland
 
3
WSB Merito University, Gdansk, Poland
 
These authors had equal contribution to this work
 
 
Submission date: 2024-02-28
 
 
Final revision date: 2024-09-22
 
 
Acceptance date: 2024-10-10
 
 
Online publication date: 2024-11-21
 
 
Corresponding author
Dominika M. Wilczynska   

WSB Merito University, Gdansk, Poland
 
 
 
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Background:
Human life expectancy should rise with a focus on enhancing quality of life, encompassing aspects such as physical activi-ty, sexuality, and self-acceptance, which significantly affect satisfaction and relationships. This study examined how life satisfaction, physical activity, and self-esteem related to sexual attractiveness in seniors contribute to their overall quality of life, especially concerning self-worth and relationships.

Participants and procedure:
A total of 99 individuals, composed of 75 women and 24 men aged between 60 and 81, participated in the additional offer from the University of the Third Age. These respondents were all part of the study. The Satisfaction with Life Scale, self-assessment in terms of sexual attractiveness and a scale of physical activity level created for the study were used. The participants completed the questionnaires before the classes from the expanded offer of the Gdansk University of the Third Age.

Results:
The highest correlation was observed between the level of physical activity and satisfaction with life. The study also showed a significant correlation between the self-assessment of sexual attractiveness and life satisfaction, and between the level of physical activity and the self-assessment of sexual attractiveness. Additionally, the results indicate a significantly higher level of self-esteem in terms of sexual attractiveness in men compared to women.

Conclusions:
The study emphasizes the role of positive self-perception, notably in sexual attractiveness, and higher physical activity levels in predicting life satisfaction, while differences in self-esteem between genders suggest a need for more exploration and soci-etal education, particularly among older generations.

 
REFERENCES (52)
1.
Agthe, M., Klümper, L., & Schwarz, S. (2023). Attractiveness. In T. K. Shackelford (Ed.), Encyclopedia of sexual psy-chology and behavior (pp. 1–30). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-....
 
2.
Bae, W., Ik Suh, Y., Ryu, J., & Heo, J. (2017). Physical activity levels and well-being in older adults. Psychological Reports, 120, 192–205. https://doi.org/10.1177/003329....
 
3.
Bar-Tur, L. (2021). Fostering well-being in the elderly: Translating theories on positive aging to practical approach-es. Frontiers in Medicine, 8, 517226. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2....
 
4.
Bień, B. (2006). Proces starzenia się człowieka [The human aging process]. In T. Grodzicki, J. Kocemba, & A. Skal-ska (Eds.), Geriatria z elementami gerontologii ogólnej [Geriatrics with elements of general gerontology ] (pp. 42–46). Via Medica.
 
5.
Bouson, J. B. (2016). Shame and the aging woman. Palgrave Macmillan.
 
6.
Csikszentmihalyi, M., & Hunter, J. (2003). Happiness in everyday life: The uses of experience sampling. Journal of Happiness Studies, 4, 185–199. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1024....
 
7.
Cunningham, C., & O’ Sullivan, R. (2020). Why physical activity matters for older adults in a time of pandemic. European Review of Aging and Physical Activity, 17, 16. https://doi.org/10.1186/s11556....
 
8.
Dhanabhakyam, M., & Sarath, M. (2023). Psychological wellbeing: a systematic literature review. International Journal of Advanced Research in Science Communication and Technology, 3, 603–607. https://doi.org/10.48175/IJARS....
 
9.
Diener, E., Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J., & Griffin, S. (1985). The Satisfaction with Life Scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 49, 71–75. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327....
 
10.
Fagerström, C., Borg, C., Balducci, C., Burholt, V., Wenger, C. G., Ferring, D., Weber, G., Holst, G., & Hallberg, I. R. (2007). Life satisfaction and associated factors among people aged 60 years and above in six European coun-tries. Applied Research in Quality of Life, 2, 33–50. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11482....
 
11.
Ghillani, F. (2021). Thoughts on the ageing body. Journal of Population Ageing, 14, 425–435. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12062....
 
12.
Główny Urząd Statystyczny [Central Statistical Office] (2018). Informacja o sytuacji osób starszych na podstawie badań Głównego Urzędu Statystycznego [Information on the situation of older people based on research by the Central Statistical Office]. Retrieved from https://stat.gov.pl/obszary-te....
 
13.
Grabowska, M. (2009). Stereotypy płci i starości a zachowania seksualne osób w okresie późnej dorosłości [Gen-der and old age stereotypes in sexual behaviours in late adulthood]. Psychologia Rozwojowa, 14, 45–56.
 
14.
Grabowska, M. (2011). Seksualność we wczesnej, średniej i późnej dorosłości: Wybrane uwarunkowania [Sexuality in early, middle and late adulthood: Selected determinants]. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Kazimierza Wielkie-go.
 
15.
Hu, Y., Mou, Z., & Jiang, X. (2023). Attentional relevance modulates nonverbal attractiveness perception in multi-modal display. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior, 47, 285–319. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10919....
 
16.
Izquierdo, M., Morley, J. E., & Lucia, A. (2020). Exercise in people over 85. BMJ, 368, m402. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m4....
 
17.
Joseph, M. (2022). Psychology of quality of life: Wellbeing and positive mental health. Springer.
 
18.
Juczyński, Z. (2001). Narzędzia pomiaru w psychologii zdrowia. Polskie Towarzystwo Psychologiczne.
 
19.
Kijak, R. J., & Szarota, Z. (2013). Starość. Między diagnozą a działaniem [Old age. Between diagnosis and action]. Centrum Rozwoju Zasobów Ludzkich.
 
20.
Langhammer, B., Bergland, A., & Rydwik, E. (2018). The importance of physical activity exercise among older people. BioMed Research International, 2018, e7856823. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/7....
 
21.
Lera-López, F., Ollo-López, A., & Sánchez-Santos, J. M. (2017). How does physical activity make you feel better? The mediational role of perceived health. Applied Research in Quality of Life, 12, 511–531. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11482....
 
22.
Lipowska, M., & Lipowski, M. (2006). The evaluation of own attractiveness by females of different age. In A. Chy-bicka & M. Kaźmierczak (Eds.), The woman in the culture – the culture in the woman (pp. 385–402). Oficyna Wydawnicza Impuls.
 
23.
Makita, M., Mas-Bleda, A., Stuart, E., & Thelwall, M. (2021). Ageing, old age and older adults: a social media analy-sis of dominant topics and discourses. Ageing & Society, 41, 247–272. https://doi.org/10.1017/S01446....
 
24.
Marchewka, A., & Jungiewicz, M. (2008). Aktywność fizyczna w młodości a jakość życia w starszym wieku [Physi-cal activity in youth and quality of life in old age]. Gerontologia Polska, 16, 127–130.
 
25.
Masters, W. H., & Johnson, V. E. (1966). Human sexual response,. Little, Brown and Company.
 
26.
Ménard, A. D. (2014). Sexual satisfaction, self-esteem, and assertiveness. In A. C. Michalos (Ed.), Encyclopedia of quality of life and well-being research (pp. 5931–5935). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94....
 
27.
Montejo, A. L. (2023). New challenges in sexuality and sexual dysfunction. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 12, 1. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm120....
 
28.
Morgulec-Adamowicz, N., Rutkowska, I., Rekowski, W., Kosmol, A., & Bednarczuk, G. (2011). Zajęcia aktywności fizycznej w uniwersytetach trzeciego wieku w Polsce [Physical activity classes at universities of the third age in Poland]. Gerontologia Polska, 19, 190–198.
 
29.
Orth, U., Trzesniewski, K. H., & Robins, R. W. (2010). Self-esteem development from young adulthood to old age: a cohort-sequential longitudinal study. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 98, 645–658. https://doi.org/10.1037/a00187....
 
30.
Paterson, D. H., Jones, G. R., & Rice, C. L. (2007). Ageing and physical activity: Evidence to develop exercise rec-ommendations for older adults. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, 32, S69–S108. https://doi.org/10.1139/H07-11....
 
31.
Paterson, D. H., & Warburton, D. E. (2010). Physical activity and functional limitations in older adults: a systematic review related to Canada’s Physical Activity Guidelines. International Journal of Behavioral Nutri-tion and Physical Activity, 7, 38. https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5....
 
32.
Paulson, S., & Willig, C. (2008). Older women and everyday talk about the ageing body. Journal of Health Psychol-ogy, 13, 106–120. https://doi.org/10.1177/135910....
 
33.
Ratnasari, S. E., Pratiwi, I., & Wildannisa, H. (2021). Relationship between body image and social anxiety in adoles-cent women. European Journal of Psychological Research, 8, 65–72.
 
34.
Reitz, A. K. (2022). Self‐esteem development and life events: a review and integrative process framework. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 16, e12709. https://doi.org/10.1111/spc3.1....
 
35.
Rennemark, M., Lindwall, M., Halling, A., & Berglund, J. (2009). Relationships between physical activity and per-ceived qualities of life in old age. Results of the SNAC study. Aging & Mental Health, 13, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1080/136078....
 
36.
Rodziewicz, E. A., Kawa, M. J., Wilczyńska, D., Bolek-Adamek, J., & Skrobot, W. R. (2019). Effects of the dance training program on cognitive abilities and physical functions in healthy older women. Paper presented at Juvenes Pro Medicina 2019, Lodz, Poland.
 
37.
Rottermund, J., & Knapik, A. (2015). Aktywność fizyczna przyczynkiem do satysfakcji w geriatrii [Physical activity contributes to satisfaction in geriatrics]. Problemy Edukacji, Rehabilitacji i Socjalizacji Osób Niepełnosprawnych, 21, 57–71.
 
38.
Seligman, M. E. (2011). Flourish: a visionary new understanding of happiness and well-being. Simon and Schuster.
 
39.
Simbar, M., Nazarpour, S., Alavi Majd, H., Dodel Andarvar, K., Jafari Torkamani, Z., & Alsadat Rahnemaei, F. (2020). Is body image a predictor of women’s depression and anxiety in postmenopausal women? BMC Psy-chiatry, 20, 202. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888....
 
40.
Skotnicka, M., & Pieszko, M. (2014). Aktywność fizyczna receptą na długowieczność [Physical activity is the key to longevity]. Medycyna Ogólna i Nauki o Zdrowiu, 20, 379–383. https://doi.org/10.5604/.
 
41.
1132040.
 
42.
Sowan, W. (2024). The effects of self-esteem, traditional gender roles, and gender on reward, intimacy, and en-hancement as motivations for sexual relations. Sexuality & Culture, 28, 1008–1020. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12119....
 
43.
Sun, F., Norman, I. J., & While, A. E. (2013). Physical activity in older people: a systematic review. BMC Public Health, 13, 449. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2....
 
44.
Szychowska, A., & Drygas, W. (2022). Physical activity as a determinant of successful aging: a narrative review article. Aging Clinical and Experimental Research, 34, 1209–1214. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520....
 
45.
Taherkhani, Z., Kaveh, M. H., Mani, A., Ghahremani, L., & Khademi, K. (2023). The effect of positive thinking on resilience and life satisfaction of older adults: a randomized controlled trial. Scientific Reports, 13, 1. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598....
 
46.
Waszkiewicz, L., Einhorn, J., Połtyn-Zaradna, K., Gaweł-Dąbrowska, D., Grabowska, B., & Zatońska, K. (2012). Ocena jakości życia Polaków w wieku podeszłym [Assessment of the quality of life of elderly Poles]. In M. Mossakowska, A. Więcek, & P. Błędowski (Eds.), Aspekty medyczne, psychologiczne, socjologiczne i ekonomiczne starzenia się ludzi w Polsce [Medical, psychological, sociological and economic aspects of aging in Poland] (pp. 549–560). Termedia Wydawnictwa Medyczne.
 
47.
Wienert, J., Kuhlmann, T., & Lippke, S. (2015). Direct effects of a domain-specific subjective age measure on self-reported physical activity – Is it more important how old you are or how old you feel? Health Psychology Re-port, 3, 131–139. https://doi.org/10.5114/hpr.20....
 
48.
Wizner, B. (2006). Prewencja gerontologiczna [Gerontological prevention]. In T. Grodzicki, J. Kocemba, & A. Skal-ska (Eds.), Geriatria z elementami gerontologii ogólnej [Geriatrics with elements of general gerontology] (pp. 53–59). Via Medica.
 
49.
Wöbbeking Sánchez, M., Sánchez Cabaco, A., Bonete-López, B., Urchaga Litago, J. D., Loureiro, M. J., & Mejía, M. (2021). Physical activity and life satisfaction: an empirical study in a population of senior citizens. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 636914. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.....
 
50.
Wojciszke, B. (2002). Kobiety i mężczyźni [Women and men]. Gdańskie Wydawnictwo Psychologiczne.
 
51.
Yildirim, S., & Özgökçe, G. (2023). The relationship between physical activity and life satisfaction: The mediating role of social-physique anxiety and self-esteem. Pamukkale Journal of Sport Sciences, 14, 346–367. https://doi.org/10.54141/psbd.....
 
52.
Zhang, Z., & Chen, W. (2019). A systematic review of the relationship between physical activity and happiness. Journal of Happiness Studies, 20, 1305–1322. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902....
 
Copyright: © Institute of Psychology, University of Gdansk This is an Open Access journal, all articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/), allowing third parties to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format and to remix, transform, and build upon the material, provided the original work is properly cited and states its license.
eISSN:2353-5571
ISSN:2353-4184
Journals System - logo
Scroll to top