ORIGINAL PAPER
Body Movement Music Score – Introduction of a newly developed model for the analysis and description of body qualities, movement and music in music therapy
1
Klinik für Psychische Gesundheit, A.ö. Krankenhaus St. Josef Braunau, Austria
Submission date: 2016-07-31
Final revision date: 2016-11-12
Acceptance date: 2016-11-12
Online publication date: 2017-01-23
Publication date: 2017-01-09
Health Psychology Report 2017;5(2):100-124
KEYWORDS
music therapymusicmovementbodyBody Movement Music ScoreEmotorics-Emotive Body Movement Mind Paradigmmusic therapy with schizophrenic patientsbody qualities analysismovement analysisplaying style of musical instruments analysismusic analysis
TOPICS
treatment processes and recoveryresearch methodology, measurement, and statistics in health psychology
ABSTRACT
Background
In music therapy, there is a range of music therapy concepts that, in addition to music, describe and analyse the body and movement. A model that equally examines the body, movement and music has not been developed.
The Body Movement Music Score (BMMS) is a newly developed and evaluated music therapy model for analysing body qualities, movement, playing style of musical instruments and music and to describe body behaviour and body expression, movement behaviour and movement expression, playing behaviour and musical expression in music therapy treatment. The basis for the development of the Body Movement Music Score was the evaluation of the analytical movement model Emotorics-Emotive Body Movement Mind Paradigm (Emotorics-EBMMP) by Yona Shahar Levy for the analysis and description of the emotive-motor behaviour and movement expression of schizophrenic patients in music therapy treatment.
Participants and procedure
The application of the Body Movement Music Score is presented in a videotaped example from the music therapy treatment of one schizophrenic patient.
Results
The results of applying the Body Movement Music Score are presented in the form of Body Qualities I Analysis, Body Qualities II Analysis, Movement Analysis, Playing Style Analysis and Music Analysis Profiles.
Conclusions
The Body Movement Music Score has been developed and evaluated for the music therapy treatment of schizophrenic patients. For the development of the model, a proof of reliability is necessary to verify the reliability and limitations of the model in practice and show that the Body Movement Music Score could be used for both practical and clinical work, for documentation purposes and to impact research in music therapy.
In music therapy, there is a range of music therapy concepts that, in addition to music, describe and analyse the body and movement. A model that equally examines the body, movement and music has not been developed.
The Body Movement Music Score (BMMS) is a newly developed and evaluated music therapy model for analysing body qualities, movement, playing style of musical instruments and music and to describe body behaviour and body expression, movement behaviour and movement expression, playing behaviour and musical expression in music therapy treatment. The basis for the development of the Body Movement Music Score was the evaluation of the analytical movement model Emotorics-Emotive Body Movement Mind Paradigm (Emotorics-EBMMP) by Yona Shahar Levy for the analysis and description of the emotive-motor behaviour and movement expression of schizophrenic patients in music therapy treatment.
Participants and procedure
The application of the Body Movement Music Score is presented in a videotaped example from the music therapy treatment of one schizophrenic patient.
Results
The results of applying the Body Movement Music Score are presented in the form of Body Qualities I Analysis, Body Qualities II Analysis, Movement Analysis, Playing Style Analysis and Music Analysis Profiles.
Conclusions
The Body Movement Music Score has been developed and evaluated for the music therapy treatment of schizophrenic patients. For the development of the model, a proof of reliability is necessary to verify the reliability and limitations of the model in practice and show that the Body Movement Music Score could be used for both practical and clinical work, for documentation purposes and to impact research in music therapy.
REFERENCES (108)
1.
Alexander, G. (1981). Eutonie. Ein Weg der körperlichen Selbsterfahrung [Eutonie. A way of physical self-experience]. München: Kösel.
2.
Baer, U. (2012). Kreative Leibtherapie. Das Lehrbuch [Creative body therapy. The handbook]. Neukirchen-Vluyn: Semnos Verlag.
3.
Baer, U., & Frick-Baer, G. (2001). Leibbewegungen. Methoden und Modelle der Tanz- und Bewegungstherapie [Movements. Methods and models of dance and movement therapy]. Neukirchen-Vluyn: Affenkönig Verlag.
4.
Baer, U., & Frick-Baer, G. (2004). Klingen, um in sich zu wohnen. Methoden und Modelle leiborientierter Musiktherapie [Sound, to live in ourselve. Methods and models of body-oriented music therapy]. Neukirchen-Vluyn: Affenkönig.
5.
Bender, S. (2014). Die psychophysische Bedeutung der Bewegung. Ein Handbuch der Laban Bewegungsanalyse und des Kestenberg Movement Profiles [The psychophysical meaning of movement. A handbook of Laban Movement Analysis and the Kestenberg Movement Profiles]. Berlin: Logos.
6.
Bergmann, T., Sappok, T., Diefenbacher, A., & Dziobek, I. (2012). Musikbasierte Autismusdiagnostik (MUSAD) [Music-Based Autism Diagnostics (MUSAD)]. In Musiktherapeutische Umschau, Band 33, Heft 2 (pp. 126–140). Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
7.
Brooks, Ch. V. W., & Selver, Ch. (1997). Erleben durch die Sinne [Sensory Awareness]. Paderborn: Junfermann.
8.
Brunner-Danuser, F. (1984). Mimi Scheiblauer. Musik und Bewegung [Mimi Scheiblauer. Music and Movement]. Zürich: Atlantis-Musikbuch-Verl.
9.
Bruscia, K. E. (1987). Improvisational Models of Music Therapy. Springfield: Charles C. Thomas.
10.
Chaiklin, S., & Wengrower, H. (eds.). (2009). The art and science of dance/movement therapy. Life is dance. New York: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group.
11.
Chomiński, J. M., & Lissa, Z. (eds.). (1957). Historia muzyki powszechnej. Do renesansu włącznie [Universal History of Music. To the Renaissance inclusive]. Kraków: Polskie Wydawnictwo Muzyczne; Państwowy Instytut Sztuki.
12.
De Backer, J., & Wigram, T. (2007). Analysis of Notated Music Examples Selected from Improvisations of Psychotic Patients. In T. Wosch & T. Wigram (eds.), Microanalysis in Music Therapy. Methods, Techniques and Applications for Clinicians, Researchers, Educators und Students (pp. 120–133). London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
13.
Decker-Voigt, H.-H. (eds.). (2001). Schulen der Musiktherapie [Schools of Music Therapy]. München: Reinhardt.
14.
Decker-Voigt, H.-H., & Weymann, E. (eds.). (2009). Lexikon Musiktherapie [Lexicon of music therapy]. 2., überarb. und erw. Aufl. Göttingen, Bern, Wien: Hogrefe.
15.
Dilling, H. (2011). Internationale Klassifikation psychischer Störungen. ICD-10 Kapitel V (F): klinisch-diagnostische Leitlinien [International classification of mental disorders. ICD-10 Chapter V (F): Clinical-diagnostic guidelines]. 8., überarb. Aufl. unter Berücksichtigung der Änderungen entsprechend ICD-10-GM. Bern: Huber.
16.
Dychtwald, K. (1982). Körperbewußtsein [Body consciousness]. Essen: Synthesis-Verl.
17.
Engert-Timmermann, G., & Timmermann, T. (2001). Körper – Atem – Musik: eine ganzheitliche Methode in der nonverbalen Psychotherapie [Body – Breath – Music: a holistic method in nonverbal psychotherapy]. In D. Storz & D. Oberegelsbacher (eds.). Wiener Beiträge zur Musiktherapie. Theorie und klinische Praxis [Viennese contributions to music therapy. Theory and clinical practice] (pp. 113–125). Wien: Ed. Praesens (Wiener Beiträge zur Musiktherapie, Bd. 3).
18.
Feldenkrais, M. (1994a). Der Weg zum reifen Selbst. Phänomene menschlichen Verhaltens [The way to the mature self. Phenomena of human behavior]. Paderborn: Junfermann.
19.
Feldenkrais, M. (1994b). Bewegungserziehung zur Verbindung von Körper und Geist [Movement training to connect body and mind]. In H. Petzold (ed.), Psychotherapie & Körperdynamik. Verfahren psycho-physischer Bewegungs- und Körpertherapie [Psychotherapy and body dynamics. Methods of psychophysical movement and body therapy]. Paderborn: Junfermann.
20.
Feldenkrais, M. (1996). Bewußtheit durch Bewegung. Der aufrechte Gang [Awareness through movement. The upright walk]. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp.
21.
Feudel, E. (ed.). (1926/1996). Rhythmik. Theorie und Praxis der körperlich-musikalischen Erziehung [Eurhythmics. Theory and practice of physical-musical education]. Seelze-Velber: Kallmeyer.
22.
Fitzthum, E. (2003). Von den Reformbewegungen zur Musiktherapie. Die Brückenfunktion der Vally Weigel [From the reform movements to music therapy. The bridge function of Vally Weigel]. Hochsch. für Musik und Theater, Diss., Hamburg. Wien: Edition Praesens (Wiener Beiträge zur Musiktherapie, Bd. 5).
23.
Friedemann, L. (1973). Einstiege in neue Klangbereiche durch Gruppenimprovisation [Get into new sound areas by group improvisation]. Wien: Universal Edition.
24.
Frohne-Hagemann, I. (1996). Integrative Musiktherapie [Integrative Music Therapy]. In H.-H. Decker-Voigt, P.J. Knill, & E. Weymann (eds.), Lexikon Musiktherapie [Lexika of Music Therapy] (pp. 150–155). Göttingen: Hogrefe Verl. für Psychologie.
25.
Frohne-Hagemann, I. (ed.). (1999). Musik und Gestalt. Klinische Musiktherapie als integrative Psychotherapie [Music and Gestalt. Clinical Music Therapy as Integrative Psychotherapy]. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht.
26.
Frohne-Hagemann, I. (2001a). Musiktherapie vor dem Hintergrund integrativer Theorie und Therapie [Music therapy in front of the background of integrative theory and therapy]. In H.-H. Decker-Voigt (ed.), Schulen der Musiktherapie [Schools of Music Therapy] (pp. 159–182). Basel: Reinhardt.
27.
Frohne-Hagemann, I. (2001b). Fenster zur Musiktherapie. Musik-therapie-theorie 1976–2001 [Windows for music therapy. Music-therapy-theory 1976–2001]. Wiesbaden: Reichert.
28.
Harrer, G., & Bock, L. (1975) (eds.). Grundlagen der Musiktherapie und Musikpsychologie [Basics of music therapy and music psychology]. Stuttgart: Fischer.
29.
Hegi, F. (1996). Komponenten [Components]. In H.-H. Decker-Voigt, P. J. Knill, & E. Weymann (eds.), Lexikon Musiktherapie [Lexicon of Music Therapy] (pp. 173–183). Göttingen: Hogrefe Verl. für Psychologie.
30.
Hegi, F. (1997). Improvisation und Musiktherapie. Möglichkeiten und Wirkungen von freier Musik [Improvisation and music therapy. Possibilities and effects of free music]. Paderborn: Junfermann (Kunst, Therapie, Kreativität, 4).
31.
Hegi, F. (1998). Übergänge zwischen Sprache und Musik. Die Wirkungskomponenten der Musiktherapie [Transitions between language and music. The effects of music therapy]. Hochsch. für Musik und Theater, Diss.--Hamburg, 1997. Paderborn: Junfermann.
32.
Hegi, F., & Rüdisüli-Voerkel, M. (2011). Der Wirkung von Musik auf der Spur. Theorie und Erforschung der Komponenten [The effect of music on the track. Theory and exploration of the components]. Unter Mitarbeit von Lilot Hegi. Wiesbaden: Reichert Edition.
33.
Holck, U. (2007). An Ethnographic Descriptive Approach to Video Microanalysis. In T. Wosch, & T. Wigram (eds.), Microanalysis in Music Therapy. Methods, Techniques and Applications for Clinicians, Researchers, Educators und Students (pp. 29–40). London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
34.
Jaques-Dalcroze, É. (1994). Rhythmus, Musik und Erziehung (Rhythm, Music and Education). Seelze: Kallmeyer.
35.
Keetman, G. (1981). Elementaria. Erster Umgang mit dem Orff-Schulwerk [Elementaria. First contact with the Orff- Schulwerk]. 3. Aufl. Stuttgart: Klett.
36.
Keller, W. (1975). Orff-Schulwerk in Musiktherapie und Pädagogik [Orff-Schulwerk in music therapy and pedagogy]. In G. Harrer & L. Bock (eds.), Grundlagen der Musiktherapie und Musikpsychologie [Basics of music therapy and music psychology] (pp. 175–185). Stuttgart: Fischer.
37.
Kestenberg Amighi, J., Loman, S., Lewis, P., & Sossin, M. K. (1999). The Meaning of Movement. Developmental and Clinical Perspectives of the Kestenberg Movement Profile. New York and London: Routledge.
38.
Koch, S. C., & Bender, S. (2007). Movement Analysis. The Legacy of Laban, Bartienieff, Lamb and Kestenberg. Berlin: Logos Edition.
39.
Kugel, P. (2000). Labans Bewegungsanalyse in der Tanztherapie. Ein Erfahrungsbericht [Laban’s movement analysis in dance therapy. A report of experience]. In Tanzdrama [Dancedrama] (pp. 12–14).
40.
Kugel, P. (2008). Auf der Suche nach der gemeinsamen Zeit [Search for time together]. In K. Schumacher & C. Calvet (eds.), Synchronisation. Musiktherapie bei Kindern mit Autismus [Synchronization. Music therapy with children with autism]. DVD-Video&Begleitheft. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
41.
Lissa, Z. (1953). O specyfice muzyki [About the specific part of music]. Kraków: Polskie Wydawnictwo Muzyczne.
42.
Lissa, Z., & Lindstedt, I. (2007). Zarys nauki o muzyce [Introduction to the study of music]. Wyd. 6. Warszawa, Rzeszów: Instytut Muzykologii Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego; Ad Oculos.
43.
Loos, G. K. (1994). Spiel-Räume der Magersucht. Musiktherapie und Körperwahrnehmung mit frühgestörten Patienten [Playing-rooms of anorexia. Music therapy and body awareness with early-disturbed patients]. Stuttgart: G. Fischer (Praxis der Musiktherapie, 7).
44.
Loos, G. K. (1996a): Körperwahrnehmung [Body awareness]. In H.-H. Decker-Voigt, P. J. Knill, & E. Weymann (ed.), Lexikon Musiktherapie [Lexika of Music Therapy] (pp. 183–186). Göttingen: Hogrefe Verl. für Psychologie.
45.
Loos, G. K. (1996b). Meine Seele hört im Sehen. Spielarten der Musiktherapie von und mit Gertrud Katja Loos [My soul hears by seeing. Playing styles of the music therapy by and with Gertrud Katja Loos]. Videokassette mit Begleitheft. Göttingen; Zürich: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
46.
Lowen, A. (1977). Bioenergetische Analyse. Eine Weiterentwicklung der Reich’schen Therapie [Bioenergetic analysis. A further development of Reich’s therapy]. In H. Petzold (ed.), Die neuen Körpertherapien [The new body therapies] (pp. 51–61). Paderborn: Junfermann (Innovative Psychotherapie und Humanwissenschaften, 3).
47.
Lowen, A. (1989). Liebe und Orgasmus. Persönlichkeitserfahrung durch sexuelle Erfüllung [Love and orgasm. Personality experience through sexual fulfilment]. München: Goldmann.
48.
Lowen, A. (1992). Körperausdruck und Persönlichkeit. Grundlagen und Praxis der Bioenergetik [Body expression and personality. Fundamentals and practice of bioenergetics]. München: Goldmann.
49.
Lowen, A. (2007). Bioenergetik. Therapie der Seele durch die Arbeit mit dem Körper [Bioenergetics. Therapy of the soul by working with the body]. Reinbek bei Hamburg: Rowohlt.
50.
Maler, T., von Wietersheim, J., Schurbohm, E., Nagel, A., Feiereis, H., & Jantschek, G. (1994). Beschreibung des musikalischen Ausdrucks und erste Ergebnisse im Lübecker Musiktherapiemodell [Description of the musical expression and first results in the Lübeck music therapy model]. In Psychotherapie – Psychosomatik – Medizinische Psychologie [Psychotherapy – Psychosomatics – Medical Psychology] (pp. 122–127). Stuttgart: Thieme Verlag.
51.
Nordorff, P., & Robbins, C. (1980). Ratingskalen für Improvisatorische Einzel-Musiktherapie [Rating scales for improvisational individual music therapy]. In Musiktherapeutische Umschau, 1 (pp. 185–202). Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
52.
Nöcker-Ribaupierre, M. (1995). Auditive Stimulation nach Frühgeburt. Ein Beitrag zur Musiktherapie [Auditive stimulation after premature birth. A contribution to music therapy]. Hamburg, Univ.-Diss., 1993. Stuttgart, Jena, New York: G. Fischer (Heidelberger Schriften zur Musiktherapie, 7).
53.
Nöcker-Ribaupierre, M. (ed.). (2003). Hören – Brücke ins Leben. Musiktherapie mit früh- und neugeborenen Kindern; Forschung und klinische Praxis [Listening – bridge into life. Music therapy with premature and newborn children; Research and clinical practice]. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
54.
Nöcker-Ribaupierre, M. (2009). Auditive Stimulation [Auditive Stimulation]. In H.-H. Decker-Voigt (ed.), Lexikon Musiktherapie [Lexicon of Music Therapy]. Göttingen: Hogrefe.
55.
Orff, C. (1976). Schulwerk. Elementare Musik [Schulwerk. Elementar music]. Tutzing: Hans Schneider (3).
56.
Orff, G. (1974). Die Orff-Musiktherapie. Aktive Förderung der Entwicklung des Kindes [The Orff Music Therapy. Active promotion of child development]. München: Kindler.
57.
Orff, G. (1976). Multisensorischer Einsatz der Musik in der Therapie mit entwicklungsgestörten Kindern [Multisensory approach of music in therapy with children with development disorders]. In Praktische Psychiatrie [Practical Psychiatry] (pp. 36–41). Sonderdruck Musiktherapie in der Psychiatrie.
58.
Orff, G. (1984). Schlüsselbegriffe der Orff-Musiktherapie [Key words of the Orff music therapy]. Darst. u. Beisp. Weinheim: Beltz.
59.
Petzold, H. (ed.). (1974). Psychotherapie und Körperdynamik [Psychotherapy and body dynamics]. Junfermann, Paderborn, 3. Aufl. 1979.
60.
Petzold, H. (ed.). (1977). Die neuen Körpertherapien [The new body therapies]. Paderborn: Junfermann (Innovative Psychotherapie und Humanwissenschaften, 3).
61.
Petzold, H. (ed.). (1985). Leiblichkeit. Philosophische, gesellschaftliche und therapeutische Perspektiven [Bodiliness. Philosophical, social and therapeutic perspectives]. Paderborn: Junfermann (Reihe innovative Psychotherapie und Humanwissenschaften, 25).
62.
Petzold, H. (1988). Integrative Bewegungs- und Leibtherapie. Ein ganzheitlicher Weg leibbezogener Psychotherapie [Integrative movement and body therapy. A holistic way of body psychotherapy]. 2 Bde. Paderborn: Junfermann.
63.
Petzold, H. (ed.). (1994). Psychotherapie & Körperdynamik. Verfahren psycho-physischer Bewegungs- und Körpertherapie [Psychotherapy and body dynamics. Methods of psychophysical movement and body therapy]. Paderborn: Junfermann.
64.
Petzold, H. (2003). Integrative Therapie [Integrative therapy]. 3 Bde. Paderborn: Junfermann.
65.
Petzold, H. (2009). Körper-Seele-Geist-Welt-Verhältnisse in der Integrativen Therapie. Der “Informierte Leib”, das “psychophysische Problem” und die Praxis [Body-Soul-Mind-Spirit-World relationsships in integrative therapy. The “Informed Body”, the “psychophysical problem” and the practice]. Psychologische Medizin, 20, 20–33.
66.
Petzold, H., & Berger, A. (1977). Integrative Bewegungstherapie und Bewegungspädagogik als Behandlungsverfahren für psychiatrische Patienten [Integrative movement therapy and movement education as a treatment procedure method for psychiatric patients]. In H. Petzold (ed.), Die neuen Körpertherapien [The new body therapies] (pp. 452–477). Paderborn: Junfermann (Innovative Psychotherapie und Humanwissenschaften, 3).
67.
Petzold, H., & Berger, A. (1994). Integrative Bewegungstherapie [Integrative movement therapy]. In H. Petzold (ed.), Psychotherapie & Körperdynamik. Verfahren psycho-physischer Bewegungs- und Körpertherapie [Psychotherapy and body dynamics. Methods of psychophysical movement and body therapy]. 7. Aufl. Paderborn: Junfermann.
68.
Petzold, H., & Orth, I. (1990). Die neuen Kreativitätstherapien. Handbuch der Kunsttherapie [The new creativity therapies. Handbook of Art Therapy]. 2 Bde., Junfermann, Paderborn.
69.
Petzold, H., & Sieper, J. (2012). “Leiblichkeit” als “informierter Leib” embodied and embedded – Körper-Seele-Geist-Welt-Verhältnisse in der Integrativen Therapie [“Bodiliness” as an “informed body” embodied and embedded – Body-Soul-Mind-Spirit-World-Relations in the integrative therapy. Sources and concepts on the “psychophysical problem” and on physical therapies]. In H. G. Petzold (ed.), Die Menschenbilder in der Psychotherapie. Interdisziplinäre Perspektiven und Modelle der Therapieschulen [The human images in psychotherapy. Interdisciplinary Perspectives and Models of Therapy Schools] (pp. 243–321). Wien: Krammer.
70.
Plahl, Ch. (2007). Microanalysis of Preverbal Communication in Music Therapy. In T. Wosch & T. Wigram (eds.), Microanalysis in Music Therapy. Methods, Techniques and Applications for Clinicians, Researchers, Educators und Students (pp. 41–53). London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
71.
Rolf, I. (1989). Rolfing: Strukturelle Integration, Wandel und Gleichgewicht der Körperstruktur [Rolfing: Structural integration, change and balance of body structure]. München: Hugendubel.
72.
Röhricht, F., & Priebe, S. (1998). Körpererleben in der Schizophrenie [Body experience in schizophrenia]. Göttingen: Hogrefe.
73.
Sachs, C. (1971). Handbuch der Musikinstrumentenkunde [Handbook of musical instruments]. Wiesbaden: Breitkopf & Härtel.
74.
Sachs, C. (1972). Real-Lexikon der Musikinstrumente. Zugleich ein Polyglossar für das gesamte Instrumentengebiet [Reallexikon of musical instruments. At the same time a polyglossar for the entire instrument area]. Hildesheim, New York: Olms.
75.
Sachs, C., & Olędzki, S. (2005). Historia instrumentów muzycznych [The history of musical instruments]. Wyd. 3. Warszawa: Volumen.
76.
Scharfetter, Ch. (1995). Schizophrene Menschen. Diagnostik; Psychopathologie; Forschungsansätze [Schizophrenic people. Diagnostics; Psychopathology; Research approaches]. Weinheim: Beltz, PsychologieVerlagsUnion.
77.
Scheiblauer, M. (1973). Musikerziehung und Heilpädagogik [Music education and therapeutic pedagogy]. In K. Pahlen (ed.), Musiktherapie. Behandlung und Heilung geistiger und seelischer Störungen durch Musik [Music therapy. Treatment and healing of mental and emotional disturbances through music] (pp. 46–54). München: Heyne (Heyne-Broschur).
78.
Scholz, J., Voigt, M., & Wosch, T. (2007). Microanalysis of Interaction in Music Therapy (MIMT) with Children with Developmental Disorders. In T. Wosch & T. Wigram (eds.), Microanalysis in Music Therapy. Methods, Techniques and Applications for Clinicians, Researchers, Educators und Students (pp. 66–78). London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
80.
Schoop, T. (1981). …Komm und tanz mit mir. Ein Versuch, dem psychotischen Menschen durch die Elemente des Tanzes zu helfen […Come and dance with me. A trial to help the psychotic person through the elements of dance]. Zürich: Musikhaus PAN AG.
81.
Schumacher, K. (1995). Der Körper als Beziehungsinstrument [The body as an relation instrument]. In Institut für Musiktherapie am Freien Musikzentrum München (ed.), Der Mensch braucht Musik. Der Körper in der Musiktherapie [A human needs music. The body in music therapy] (pp. 66–77). Beiträge zur Musiktherapie.
82.
Schumacher, K. (2000a). Das Orff-Instrumentarium in der Musiktherapie und Heilpädagogik [The Orff-Instrumentarium in Music Therapy and Therapeutic Education]. In P. Nickl & H. Ell (ed.), Exempla 2000. Rhythmus [Exempla 2000. Rhythm] (pp. 129–131). München: Bayerischer Handwerkstag.
83.
Schumacher, K. (2000b). Musik als erster Dialog des Menschen [Music as the first dialogue of humans]. In H. v. Karajan Centrum (ed.), Musik – Medizin – Gehirn [Music – medicine – brain] (pp. 1–7). Vortragsreihen. Wien.
84.
Schumacher, K. (2000c). Musiktherapie und Säuglingsforschung. Zusammenspiel, Einschätzung der Beziehungsqualität am Beispiel des instrumentalen Ausdrucks eines autistischen Kindes [Music therapy and infant research. Interplay, assessment of the quality of the relationship by the example of the instrumental expression of an autistic child]. Hochsch. für Musik und Theater, Diss.--Hamburg, 1998. Frankfurt am Main: Lang (Europäische HochschulschriftenReihe 6, Psychologie, Bd. 630).
85.
Schumacher, K., & Calvet, C. (2007). The “ARQ-Instrument” (Assessment of the Quality of Relationship) – An Observation Instrument to Assess the Quality of a Relationship. In T. Wosch, & T. Wigram (eds.), Microanalysis in Music Therapy. Methods, Techniques and Applications for Clinicians, Researchers, Educators und Students (pp. 79–91). London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
86.
Schumacher, K., & Calvet, C. (2008). Synchronisation. Musiktherapie bei Kindern mit Autismus [Synchronization. Music therapy with children who suffer of autism]. DVD-Video&Begleitheft. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
87.
Schumacher, K., Calvet, C., & Reimer, S. (2011). Das EBQ-Instrument und seine entwicklungspsychologischen Grundlagen [The ARQ-Instrument and its developmental psychological foundations]. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
88.
Shahar-Levy, Y. (2001a). A Body-Movement-Mind-Paradigm (BMMP). Analysis and Interpretation of Emotive-Relational Movement. Jerusalem: Author’s Publication.
89.
Shahar-Levy, Y. (2001b). The Function of the Human Motor System in Process of Storing and Retrieving Preverbal, Primal Experience. Psychoanalytic Inquiry, 21, 378–393.
90.
Shahar-Levy, Y. (2004). The Visible Body Reveals the Invisible Secrets of the Mind. A Body-Movement-Mind-Paradigm for Emotive Movement Therapy and Analysis. Jerusalem: Author’s Edition.
91.
Shahar-Levy, Y. (2009). Emotorics: A Psychomotor Model for the Analysis and Interpretation of Emotive Motor Behavior. In S. Chaiklin & H. Wengrower (eds.), The art and science of dance/movement therapy. Life is dance (pp. 265–297). New York: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group.
92.
Shahar-Levy, Y. (2012). Emotorics: Development and Body Memory. In Koch S. C. (eds.), Body memory, metaphor and movement (pp. 327–340). Amsterdam, Philadelphia: John Benjamins Pub. Co. (Advances in consciousness research (AiCR), v. 84).
93.
Skrzypek, H., Schmidt, H. U., & Timmermann, T. (2016). Der Körper in der Musiktherapie [The body in music therapy]. Wiesbaden: Reichert Verlag.
94.
Timmermann, T. (1987). Musik als Weg [Music as a path]. Zürich: Musikhaus PAN AG; Pan.
95.
Timmermann, T. (1994). Die Musik des Menschen. Gesundheit und Entfaltung durch eine menschennahe Kultur [The music of humans. Health and development through a human culture]. München, Zürich: Piper.
96.
Timmermann, T. (2001). Musik und Psyche – Die Bedeutung der Musiktherapie [Music and Psyche. The Meaning of Music Therapy]. In Herbert von Karajan Centrum (ed.), Musik & Medizin. Musik, Emotion, Therapie [Music & Medicine. Music, Emotion, Therapy] (pp. 1–10). Wien.
97.
Timmermann, T. (2004). Tiefenpsychologisch orientierte Musiktherapie. Bausteine für eine Lehre [The depth psychologically orientated music therapy. Building blocks for teaching]. Wiesbaden: Reichert Verlag (Forum Zeitpunkt).
98.
Todd, M. E. (2003). Der Körper denkt mit. Anatomie als Ausdruck dynamischer Kräfte [The thinking body. Anatomy as an expression of dynamic forces]. Bern, Göttingen: Verlag Hans Huber.
99.
Trondalen, G. (2007). A Phenomenologically Inspired Approach to Microanalysis of Improvisation in Music Therapy. In T. Wosch & T. Wigram (eds.), Microanalysis in Music Therapy. Methods, Techniques and Applications for Clinicians, Researchers, Educators und Students (pp. 198–210). London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
100.
van Manen, M. (2014). Phenomenology of Practice. Meaning-Giving Methods in Phenomenological Research and Writing. Walnut Cree, Californie: Left Coast Press.
102.
von Laban, R. (1988). Kunst der Bewegung [The Art of Movement]. Wilhelmshaven: Noetzel.
103.
von Laban, R. (2001). Der moderne Ausdruckstanz in der Erziehung. Eine Einführung in die kreative tänzerische Bewegung als Mittel zur Entfaltung der Persönlichkeit [The modern expressional dance in education. An introduction to the creative dancing movement as a meaning to the unfolding of personality]. Wilhelmshaven: Noetzel.
104.
Wesołowski, F. (2004). Zasady muzyki [The principles of music]. Wyd. 11. Kraków: Polskie Wydaw. Muzyczne.
105.
Wheeler, B. L., & Murphy, K. (2016). Music Therapy Research: Third Edition. Barcelona Publishers.
106.
Wigram, T., Pedersen, I. N., & Bonde, L. O. (2002). A Comprehensive Guide to Music Therapy. Theory, Clinical Practice, Research and Training. London, Philadelphia: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
107.
Wosch, T., & Wigram, T. (2007). Microanalysis in Music Therapy. Methods, Techniques and Applications for Clinicians, Researchers, Educators und Students. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
108.
Zimmer, M. L. (2006). Musiktherapie mit Leib und Seele. Gertrud Katja Loos. Leben - Werk – Erinnerungen [Music therapy with body and soul. Gertrud Katja Loos. Life – work – memories]. Wiesbaden: Reichert.
Copyright: © Institute of Psychology, University of Gdansk This is an Open Access journal, all articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/), allowing third parties to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format and to remix, transform, and build upon the material, provided the original work is properly cited and states its license.
Share
RELATED ARTICLE
| eISSN: | 2353-5571 |
| ISSN: | 2353-4184 |
We process personal data collected when visiting the website. The function of obtaining information about users and their behavior is carried out by voluntarily entered information in forms and saving cookies in end devices. Data, including cookies, are used to provide services, improve the user experience and to analyze the traffic in accordance with the Privacy policy. Data are also collected and processed by Google Analytics tool (more).
You can change cookies settings in your browser. Restricted use of cookies in the browser configuration may affect some functionalities of the website.
You can change cookies settings in your browser. Restricted use of cookies in the browser configuration may affect some functionalities of the website.
